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Abstract

The economic repercussions of the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the economic fabric have been very significant, and it is still to be expected that a large part of them will continue to have an impact for some time to come. Although the effects have so far been partially mitigated through counter-cyclical policies – especially direct aid lines and subsidies – the negative effects have spread throughout the productive fabric. The Social Economy has not been immune to this reality and has also been affected, although at the same time it has shown a significant capacity for resilience, in line with what has been observed in previous crises. The aim of this article is to analyse and assess the different actions that can be taken in relation to the Social Economy to promote a speedy economic recovery, both at a general level and in the particular case of the Autonomous Community of Galicia.

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How to cite this article

VAQUERO, A., BASTIDA, M. & VÁZQUEZ, M.A. (2023): “The social economy as an instrument for economic recovery: the dynamising measures proposed in Galicia”, CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, 108, 5-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.108.23749.

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Abstract

Studies about economic growth address resilience as the ability of GPP or employment rate to resist and return to former state of performance after experiencing an adverse exogenous shock. In this way, the literature has resorted to the classic determinants of growth –income, investment in physical capital, level of human and social capital– to understand this process. However, the influence of the solidarity economy on the resistance / recovery index of regional economies has not been treated, which constitutes a gap in the theory and analysis of public policy. Therefore, the article aims to support the inclusion of the solidarity economy in the regional economic resilience analysis, just as social capital is considered explanatory factor of growth models. For this, the case of Colombia as an emerging economy is proposed and two panel models are estimated; information from three time periods between 1999-2019 is used. Finally, the document provides a measure of economic resilience for solidarity sector in Colombia, as well as theoretical, methodological, and public policy considerations.

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How to cite this article

SALAZAR-VILLANO, F.E., CASTILLO, M. & GÓMEZ, A. (2023): “Significance of the solidarity economy in the regional economics. The case of Colombia”, CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, 108, 35-67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.108.25286.

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Abstract

This paper analyses the governance of territorial development, arguing that the social economy and cooperativism represent an effective way of managing these processes. A literature review is first carried out to identify the main variables characterising territorial governance. The synergies emerging between cooperativism and territorial development are then analysed, along with the role played by the social economy in responding to complex processes of territorial governance. Finally, the case study of Bonares, a municipality in Andalusia (Spain) that encourages territorial development by participating in a second-degree cooperative, will be studied. The paper concludes that the variables identified in the literature review as influencing the success of territorial governance processes are apparent in the cooperativist approach to governance in the municipality.

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How to cite this article

FLORES, D., PEROGIL, J. & BARROSO, M.O. (2023): “Cooperativism in the governance of territorial development. The case of the municipality of Bonares”, CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, 108, 69-98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.108.22793.

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Abstract

The aim of this paper is to investigate whether social innovation has taken root in the last two decades in the social economy sector of the Principality of Asturias (Spain) as a key enterprise development factor in the current post-crisis environment derived from successive financial, health and geopolitical crises. For this, it is conceptually defined, firstly, what is understood by social innovation and its basic dimensions, reflecting on the extent to which the social economy sector can be considered as socially innovative. After that, the methodology and the main results of a study carried out through a review of specialized literature and a qualitative analysis through in-depth interviews with a sample of 21 heads of social enterprise, institutions or corporate entities linked to the sector in Asturias are presented. These results show how, indeed, the principles of social innovation are beginning to be adopted by the sector, albeit in an incipient way as a consequence of different weaknesses associated with its degree of entrepreneurship, organizational structure and development strategy. The paper ends by suggesting a series of recommendations that could contribute to the promotion of the sector as a whole and of the enterprises that make it up.

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How to cite this article

ÁLVAREZ-GONZÁLEZ, L.I., COQUE, J. & SANZO-PÉREZ, M.J. & (2023): “Social innovation in social economy and its promotion in a regional environment. The Principality of Asturias case”, CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, 108, 99-130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.108.23008.

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Abstract

This paper is an exercise in synthesis and articulation of the main theoretical elements relating to the definition of social innovation, the phases from which it develops and the most significant modelling attempts that have been carried out to date, using as a strategy of analysis the establishment of a taxonomy and a discussion of the theory of change underlying the proposals identified.

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How to cite this article

HERNÁNDEZ-ASCANIO, J., AJA-VALLE, J., MEDINA-VIRUEL, M.J. & RUEDA-LÓPEZ, R. (2023): “Theoretical foundation of social innovation: the problem of modeling in an unconsolidated field of study”, CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, 108, 131-162. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.108.21451.

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Abstract

This paper shows the methodological process to create a new Social Balance (BS) model. This was prepared for the Superintendence of the Popular and Solidarity Economy of Ecuador (SEPS). The SEPS is an entity for the supervision and control of the Ecuadorian popular and solidarity economy (EPS). This model was created wtih a fourfold functionality: control, supervision, transparency and good government. Although it is the Law itself that requires the preparation of this type of report and its presentation to the supervisory body (SEPS).

Methodologically, for its elaboration, the inductive method is combined with the deductive and the analytical one, beginning the work with an extensive bibliographical revision on the logics of operation of the social economy as a subsystem of the mixed economy, on its principles, as well as on its foundations. All this enabled us to lay the theoretical foundations of the model and subsequently proceed with its development, finally obtaining a new basic Social Balance methodology.

Together with the aforementioned methodological development, the article presents the model, its composition, as well as its validation through pilot tests. In addition, although it is not part of this article, for the information report, an information loading application was developed and a first request was made with the aim of raising a baseline of regulatory compliance in terms of social responsibility. by the supervised organizations.

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How to cite this article

PÁEZ, J.R. (2023): “The Social Balance: A model for the popular and solidarity economy of Ecuador”, CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, 108, 163-190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.108.21847.

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Abstract

Given its history, and its socioeconomic and cultural relevance, viticulture is one of the most important economic activities in central Chile. Peasant agriculture participates in this market as a supplier of wine grapes and as a producer of wines of various qualities. However, given the high concentration of the domestic market, the deployment of non-competitive practices by the main actors and the regulatory weakness of the State, farmers have had to implement various associative upgrading strategies in order to reduce costs, increase quality, ensure competitive volumes and prices, and access dynamic markets. One of these associative upgrading strategies is the certification of winegrowers’ organizations under the standards of the Fairtrade International system. Based on a comparative analysis of five case studies, corresponding to the set of Fairtrade-certified small winegrowers’ organizations in Chile, this article analyzes the diversity of associative upgrading strategies and their economic results. Using interviews with key informants, the following issues are characterized: (1) business models and competitive strategies for each organization; (2) the upgrading strategies implemented; (3) industry forces; (4) strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by organizations; and (5) the economic results obtained. This analysis makes it visible that the Fairtrade certification, along with other upgrading strategies, appears to be related to positive economic results for producers, allowing them to overcome the oligopsonic structure of the domestic market.

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How to cite this article

QUIÑONES, X., LETELIER, E. & COSCIONE, M. (2023): “Associative upgrading strategies for peasants in oligopsony markets: Certified Fairtrade viticulture organizations in Chile”, CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, 108, 191-222. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.108.21161.

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Abstract

The social entrepreneur brings the mindset, techniques, effort and dedication of entrepreneurship to solving social problems. Although the term is now clear, it is still difficult to define its characteristic traits in the initial context of the Mexican social economy. The aim of this research study was to identify whether the relation between values toward labor and servant leadership would delineate the profile of social entrepreneurs. This is a quantitative study using a self-administered questionnaire to a sample of 338 volunteer subjects (trainees and business students) from a Mexican public university. Based on descriptive results, we could confirm that the social values of self-transcendence and openness to change prevail in the profile of social entrepreneurs. The findings showed that the values of self-transcendence and openness to change predict servant leadership (empowerment, altruism and humility). Self-transcendence was a better predictor of servant leadership than openness to change, or else, social and professional skills weigh more than autonomous and renewed thinking. The social value of this research lies in maintaining social values and servant leadership indissolubly in the social entrepreneur profile to support the challenge of balancing the social mission and self-financing in environments where resources are scarce and social needs press.

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How to cite this article

MERCADO, P. (2023): “Liderazgo de servicio y valores hacia el trabajo como atributos del emprendedor social: una exploración en capacitandos y estudiantes de negocios en el Estado de México”, CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, 108, 223-256. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.108.24728.

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Abstract

We live in a planet with finite resources and a limited availability of absorbing residues. Thus, Spain -as well as the rest of the countries- faces the inevitable challenge of moving towards a more circular and sustainable economy. The 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda and the European Green Deal set this course. This is also the aim of the strategy 2030 Circular Spain. But, given the colossal dimension of this ecological transition, it is essential that the Spanish central Government seeks new -and unexplored- allies, such as the “social currencies”, which are alternative economic experiences that try to stimulate the local economy and that can also effectively help to reduce the environmental footprint of their users.

In this research we confirm that there are potential synergies between social currencies and the circular economy, but social currencies are not taken into account in the strategy 2030 Circular Spain. This situation is due to the lack of awareness about social currencies among the different public administrations, as well as the lack of social demand in favour of social currencies, the high heterogeneity of these currencies, the lack of coordination among them, and the lack of confidence of public administrations in alternative economical experiences.

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How to cite this article

TEZANOS, S. & ÁVILA, M. (2023): “Social currencies and circular economy. Synergies, challenges and opportunities for Spain”, CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, 108, 257-285. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.108.23879.

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Abstract

Science parks (SPs) are one of the most common, but also one of the most controversials, agents of public innovation policies. The divergent results on their impact and value contribution show that they do not have a homogeneous effect on all types of companies. The aim of this study was to explore and identify the ways in which SPs create value for social entrepreneurship and to show their potential as elements of dynamism for this type of entrepreneurship. More specifically, the aim is to figure out to what extent certain attributes of the SP influence in the perception of value by social-led companies and their motivations to set up there. To this end, an empirical study has been conducted on a sample of 25 social enterprises located in five Spanish science parks. An fsQCA analysis is applied to link different social enterprise profiles with several possible benefits perceived by locating in a SP. Our results reveals that the companies with a high prosocial motivation decided to locate in SP mainly driven by the public funding opportunities and preferent rental conditions. However, proximity to the University is perceived as a significant benefit for social enterprises and because of the crowding effects provided by the park where they are located.

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How to cite this article

CLEMENTE, V. & YAGÜE, R.Mª. (2023): “Role and expectations of Science Parks as elements of attraction and support for companies and social entrepreneurs: a fsQCA study”, CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, 108, 287-321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.108.22987.